THE FIQH PERSPECTIVE ON PARENTING MODELS (HADHANAH) IN THE SOCIETY 5.0 ERA OF PEKANBARU CITY

Abstract

Child-rearing models have always been an important topic for research, as improper parenting can have fatal consequences for a child’s development. Children are a divine gift that must be cared for, protected, and educated. They are an asset to their parents, the nation, and religion. Good parenting practices are essential, yet many parents lack effective parenting methods. The purpose of this study is to identify child-rearing models in the Society 5.0 era in Pekanbaru from a fiqh perspective. This is a qualitative descriptive study. The research subjects are parents with elementary school-aged children who live with their parents; the research object is child-rearing models in the Society 5.0 era in Pekanbaru.  Primary data sources include research on parental parenting styles, while secondary data are sourced from books and articles. The research findings reveal six parenting models: the Democratic, Authoritarian, Neglectful, Pampering, Helicopter Parenting, and Techno Parenting models. As for the legal rulings on child-rearing from a Fiqh perspective: first, it is an individual obligation (wajib ain) for parents to educate, guide, and raise their children to become a virtuous future generation. Second, it is a recommended act (sunnah) when parental care exceeds standard expectations. Third, it is prohibited (haram) when parents neglect their responsibility to care for their children. Fourth, it is makruh when parents are negligent in their parenting practices, resulting in a decline in the child’s well-being, though not to the extent of causing general harm.